2018-2019 Undergraduate Catalog 
    
    May 19, 2024  
2018-2019 Undergraduate Catalog [ARCHIVED CATALOG]

Course Descriptions


Course descriptions are arranged alphabetically by the course prefix codes as listed below. For the purpose of brevity, course descriptions do not follow traditional rules of grammar and may consist of sentence fragments. 

 

Marine Biology

  
  • MARN 4501 - Marine Biology Senior Project I


    Prerequisites: marine biology major, senior standing, consent of the instructor. This is the first semester of individual faculty-mentored research in marine biology. Students will develop a research project, conduct literature searches, plan and initiate experiments, prepare a written research proposal and give an oral defense of their proposal at the end of the semester. 3 credits.
  
  • MARN 4502 - Marine Biology Senior Project II


    Prerequisites: MARN 4501 , consent of the instructor. This is the second semester of individual faculty-mentored research in marine biology. Students will complete the research project developed in MARN 4501, analyze the data, and present their findings in a written report and at a student symposium at the end of the semester. 3 credits.
  
  • MARN 4590 - Special Topics


    Selected topics of special or current interest in the study of marine biology. 1-3 credits.
  
  • MARN 4591 - Lab MARN 4590


    LAB MARN 4590   0 credits.
  
  • MARN 4593 - Honors Thesis: Marine Biology


    Students in this course will complete their Honors Thesis in consultation with their Honors Thesis advisor. 3 credits.
  
  • MARN 4599 - Independent Study


    Prerequisites: marine biology major, consent of the department. Weekly conferences with advisor. Opportunity for the student, under the direction of a faculty member, to explore an area of personal interest. A written report of the work carried out is required. 3 credits.

Music Industry

  
  • MIND 2261 - Introduction to Music Industry


    An introduction to the music industry from the artist's point of view. Provides guidance to musicians and/or songwriters trying to break into the record industry. Topics include: overview of the music industry, songwriting and publishing, the copyright law, music licensing, artist management: agents and attorneys, and recording contracts. 3 credits.
  
  • MIND 2262 - Production, Promotion, and Distribution


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MIND 2261 . An overview of the music industry from the record company's perspective. Provides guidance to music enthusiasts who want to become record company executives, sales managers, producers, etc. Topics include: record company administration; business aspects of record production; promotion, publicity, and distribution; recording studio management; radio station programming and management; music videos; the retail music store. 3 credits.
  
  • MIND 3362 - Legal Issues, Copyrights, and Contracts


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MIND 2261 . A comprehensive overview of the legal procedures, timings and agreements used in the music industry. Includes detailed study of the current copyright law, publishing contracts, licensing, the manager and/or agent agreement, the record company contract, AFM and AFTRA agreements, and ethical considerations in the music industry. 3 credits.
  
  • MIND 3363 - Music Industry: Negotiations


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MIND 3362  or consent of the instructor.  An intense focus on various aspects of negotiations as it relates to the music industry. We will review major commentators on the topic and experience role-plays. 3 credits.
  
  • MIND 3364 - Music Publishing


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MIND 2261 . The music industry is made up of two primary rights holders: record companies and music publishers. This seminar style class will focus on music publishers: the often mysterious and poorly understood counterpart to the more front and center record companies. In this class, we will dissect the business of songwriting and music publishing from its beginnings up to the distribution and monetization of digital rights for songs. Areas covered will include the origins of copyright and copyright law, performing rights organizations, mechanical licensing, publishing deals and agreements, synchronization, digital media, song catalogue evaluation, and the role of the creative music publisher. 3 credits.
  
  • MIND 3366 - Music Industry Seminar


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MIND 3362 . This course will cover current (headline) issues and examine trends in today's music industry. Every week, we will survey the main industry trade publications and websites. We will then choose a current topic, research it, and discuss it in detail. Whenever possible, industry leaders will be invited and they will provide their opinions, insight, and predictions. 3 credits.
  
  • MIND 3367 - Critical Listening: The Producer


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MIND 2261  or consent of the instructor. An in-depth analysis of what comprises listening to music. Areas of study include sonics, production, structure, orchestration, arrangement, performance, sequence, lyrics, and more. Modern classics reviewed include The Beatles, The Band, Phil Spector, Bob Dylan, Bruce Springsteen, and others. 3 credits.
  
  • MIND 3375 - Music Industry Record Label


    Prerequisite: MIND 2261  or consent of the instructor. This course is designed to familiarize students with the organization of independent record labels. Students will perform specific duties within different departments (Artists & Repertoire, promotion, business affairs, administration, etc.) of a record label and learn the role that each plays in the production, marketing, and distribution of a record. 1-3 credits.
  
  • MIND 4450 - Special Topics


    Study of selected topics of special or current interest in music industry. 3 credits.
  
  • MIND 4451 - Special Topics


    Study of selected topics of special or current interest in music industry. 3 credits.
  
  • MIND 4452 - Special Topics


    Study of selected topics of special or current interest in music industry. 3 credits.
  
  • MIND 4453 - Special Topics


    Study of selected topics of special or current interest in music industry. 3 credits.
  
  • MIND 4454 - Special Topics


    Study of selected topics of special or current interest in music industry. 3 credits.
  
  • MIND 4455 - Special Topics


    Study of selected topics of special or current interest in music industry. 3 credits.
  
  • MIND 4456 - Special Topics


    Study of selected topics of special or current interest in music industry. 3 credits.
  
  • MIND 4457 - Special Topics


    Study of selected topics of special or current interest in music industry. 3 credits.
  
  • MIND 4458 - Special Topics


    Study of selected topics of special or current interest in music industry. 3 credits.
  
  • MIND 4459 - Special Topics


    Study of selected topics of special or current interest in music industry. 3 credits.
  
  • MIND 4461 - Internship in the Music Industry I


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MIND 3362 . The purpose of this course is to provide the student with advanced on-the-job training via placement as an apprentice/intern in music industry companies such as recording studios, radio stations, music stores, record companies, etc. 3 credits.
  
  • MIND 4462 - Internship in the Music Industry II


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MIND 3362 . The purpose of this course is to provide the student with advanced on-the-job training via placement as an apprentice/intern in music industry companies such as recording studios, radio stations, music stores, record companies, etc. 3 credits.
  
  • MIND 4593 - Honors Thesis: Music Industry


    Students in this course will complete their Honors Thesis in consultation with their Honors Thesis advisor. 3 credits.
  
  • MIND 4599 - Independent Study


    Opportunity for the student under the direction of a faculty member to explore an area of personal interest. This course must be initiated by the student. 1-3 credit hours per semester with a maximum of 12 hours. 1-3 credits.

Music and Sound Recording

  
  • MUSR 2201 - Recording Fundamentals


    Prerequisite: PHYS 1100  or PHYS 1150 . A study of the fundamentals of sound recording technique and methodology: acoustics, basic electronics, the decibel, magnetism, microphones, microphone placement, tape recorders, tape formats, mixers, signal processing and monitoring systems. This course also emphasizes the importance of sound aesthetics and ethics in the sound recording process. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSR 2202 - Introduction to Digital Audio and Digital Audio Workstations


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MUSR 2201 . A one-semester introduction to digital audio concepts, equipment and practices including sample rates, bit depth, file formats, Nyquist theorem, dither, computers, memory and hard drive formats, interfaces, converters and clocking technology.  The course will also include introductions to industry standard software digital audio workstation platforms such as ProTools, Logic, Propellerhead Record, Ableton Live, Reaper, Digital Performer, Cubase, etc...  and how the aforementioned digital audio concepts are integrated into each software platform. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSR 2211 - Studio Recording I


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MUSR 2201 . Two semester course in the technique and methodology of multitrack studio and live recording. Includes detailed study of multiple tracking, mixing consoles, microphones, tape recorders, signal processors, studio procedures, sound synthesis, MIDI and digital audio. Also emphasizes the use of computers in the recording studio. Laboratory fee. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSR 3311 - Studio Recording II


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MUSR 2211 . Two semester course in the technique and methodology of multitrack studio and live recording. Includes detailed study of multiple tracking, mixing consoles, microphones, tape recorders, signal processors, studio procedures, sound synthesis, MIDI and digital audio. Also emphasizes the use of computers in the recording studio. Laboratory fee. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSR 3321 - Sound Synthesis/Midi


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MUSR 2201 . A study of the use of synthesizers, drum machines, sound modules and computers in the recording studio. Using a combination of lecture/demonstrations as well as lab hours, students will explore the physics of sound, sound synthesis, instrument control, Musical Instruments Digital Interface (MIDI) and computers. Special emphasis will be placed on current sequencing, notation and printing software. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSR 3322 - Advanced Recording I


    Prerequisites: a grade of C or higher in MUSR 2202 MUSR 3311 . Each student will complete a professional quality recording production or research and development project. Work may consist of internship or Co-op experience in a professional recording studio. Seminar will also include presentations on areas of professional interest such as career opportunities and new development in studio technique and technology. Laboratory fee. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSR 3331 - Live Sound


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MUSR 2211 . A one-semester introduction to live sound production and its concepts with practical application including sound system design, connectivity, options, digital and analog front of house consoles, monitor consoles, digital snakes, crossover networks, speaker systems, line arrays, setup, teardown, and troubleshooting. Laboratory fee. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSR 3332 - Music Production


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MUSR 3311  or consent of the instructor. A team-taught study of the art of record production including hands-on guidance from both a professional producer and engineer. This course will function as an exploration of the dynamic nexus of aesthetics and technology in music recording as personified and actualized by the engineer and producer and its impact on the art form. Laboratory fee. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSR 3335 - Sound System Design and Maintenance


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MUSR 2211 . This course covers the basics of sound system troubleshooting and maintenance. Topics include sound systems, the decibel, reading specs and diagrams, basic electronics, cabling, and test equipment. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSR 4401 - Advanced Recording II


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MUSR 3322 . Each student will complete a professional quality recording production or research and development project. Work may consist of internship or Co-op experience in a professional recording studio. Seminar will also include presentations on areas of professional interest such as career opportunities and new development in studio technique and technology. Laboratory fee. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSR 4450 - Special Topics


    Study of selected topics of special or current interest in music and sound recording. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSR 4451 - Special Topics


    Study of selected topics of special or current interest in music and sound recording. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSR 4452 - Special Topics


    Study of selected topics of special or current interest in music and sound recording. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSR 4453 - Special Topics


    Study of selected topics of special or current interest in music and sound recording. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSR 4454 - Special Topics


    Study of selected topics of special or current interest in music and sound recording. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSR 4455 - Special Topics


    Study of selected topics of special or current interest in music and sound recording. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSR 4456 - Special Topics


    Study of selected topics of special or current interest in music and sound recording. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSR 4457 - Special Topics


    Study of selected topics of special or current interest in music and sound recording. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSR 4458 - Special Topics


    Study of selected topics of special or current interest in music and sound recording. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSR 4459 - Special Topics


    Study of selected topics of special or current interest in music and sound recording. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSR 4461 - Internship in Music and Sound Recording


    Prerequisite: junior standing. The purpose of this course is to provide the student with advanced on-the-job training via placement as an apprentice/intern in music and sound recording and reinforcement companies such as recording studios, film soundstages, radio stations, sound reinforcement firms, and audio manufacturing companies. Minimum 112 hours. This is a repeatable course. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSR 4593 - Honors Thesis: Music & Sound Recording


    Students in this course will complete their Honors Thesis in consultation with their Honors Thesis advisor. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSR 4599 - Independent Study


    Opportunity for the student under the direction of a faculty member to explore an area of personal interest. This course must be initiated by the student. 1-3 credit hours per semester with a maximum of 12 hours. 1-3 credits.

Music

  
  • MUSC 1106 - Chorus


    Styles of group singing, survey of choral music literature from around the world. 1 credits.
  
  • MUSC 1111 - Introduction to Music


    Basic forms and styles of music in the Western World; music appreciation. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 1112 - Introduction to World Music


    Non-Western musical styles, their cultures and aesthetics; music of the indigenous cultures of the Americas and the advanced musics of the Near East and Far East; emphasis on India, the Orient, Southeast Asia, Africa and Indonesia. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 1116 - Brass Ensemble


    Open to all students interested in ensembles or private instruction. Students with adequate scholastic standing may carry this course for credit in addition to a normal program. 1-8 credit hours; maximum 3 credit hours per semester. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 1116 - Chamber Ensemble


    Open to all students interested in ensembles or private instruction. Students with adequate scholastic standing may carry this course for credit in addition to a normal program. 1-8 credit hours; maximum 3 credit hours per semester. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 1116 - Gospel Choir


    Open to all students interested in ensembles or private instruction. Students with adequate scholastic standing may carry this course for credit in addition to a normal program. 1-8 credit hours; maximum 3 credit hours per semester. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 1116 - Performance - Concert Band


    NULL 1 credits.
  
  • MUSC 1116 - The Harmonies


    Open to all students interested in ensembles or private instruction. Students with adequate scholastic standing may carry this course for credit in addition to a normal program. 1-8 credit hours; maximum 3 credit hours per semester. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 1116 - University Orchestra


    Open to all students interested in ensembles or private instruction. Students with adequate scholastic standing may carry this course for credit in addition to a normal program. 1-8 credit hours; maximum 3 credit hours per semester. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 1117 - Jazz/Rock Ensemble


    Open to all students interested in ensembles or private instruction. Students with adequate scholastic standing may carry this course for credit in addition to a normal program. 1-8 credit hours; maximum 3 credit hours per semester. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 1117 - Performance - African Drumming


    Open to all students interested in ensembles or private instruction. Students with adequate scholastic standing may carry this course for credit in addition to a normal program. 1-8 credit hours; maximum 3 credit hours per semester. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 1117 - Performance - Bass Instruction


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MUSC 1125  or consent of the instructor (contact Music Department).  Open to all students interested in ensembles or private instruction. Students with adequate scholastic standing may carry this course for credit in addition to a normal program. 1-8 credit hours; maximum 3 credit hours per semester. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 1117 - Performance - Brass Instruction


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MUSC 1125  or consent of the instructor (contact Music Department).  Open to all students interested in ensembles or private instruction. Students with adequate scholastic standing may carry this course for credit in addition to a normal program. 1-8 credit hours; maximum 3 credit hours per semester. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 1117 - Performance - Drum Instruction


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MUSC 1125  or consent of the instructor (contact Music Department).  Open to all students interested in ensembles or private instruction. Students with adequate scholastic standing may carry this course for credit in addition to a normal program. 1-8 credit hours; maximum 3 credit hours per semester. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 1117 - Performance - Guitar Instruction


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MUSC 1125  or consent of the instructor (contact Music Department).  Open to all students interested in ensembles or private instruction. Students with adequate scholastic standing may carry this course for credit in addition to a normal program. 1-8 credit hours; maximum 3 credit hours per semester. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 1117 - Performance - Jazz Piano


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MUSC 1125  or consent of the instructor (contact Music Department).  Open to all students interested in ensembles or private instruction. Students with adequate scholastic standing may carry this course for credit in addition to a normal program. 1-8 credit hours; maximum 3 credit hours per semester. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 1117 - Performance - Marching Band


    Open to all students interested in ensembles or private instruction. Students with adequate scholastic standing may carry this course for credit in addition to a normal program. 1-8 credit hours; maximum 3 credit hours per semester. 1 credits.
  
  • MUSC 1117 - Performance - Piano Instruction


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MUSC 1125  or consent of the instructor (contact Music Department).  Open to all students interested in ensembles or private instruction. Students with adequate scholastic standing may carry this course for credit in addition to a normal program. 1-8 credit hours; maximum 3 credit hours per semester. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 1117 - Performance - String Instruction


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MUSC 1125  or consent of the instructor (contact Music Department).  Open to all students interested in ensembles or private instruction. Students with adequate scholastic standing may carry this course for credit in addition to a normal program. 1-8 credit hours; maximum 3 credit hours per semester. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 1117 - Performance - Voice Instruction


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MUSC 1125  or consent of the instructor (contact Music Department).  Open to all students interested in ensembles or private instruction. Students with adequate scholastic standing may carry this course for credit in addition to a normal program. 1-8 credit hours; maximum 3 credit hours per semester. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 1117 - Performance - Woodwinds Instruction


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MUSC 1125  or consent of the instructor (contact Music Department).  Open to all students interested in ensembles or private instruction. Students with adequate scholastic standing may carry this course for credit in addition to a normal program. 1-8 credit hours; maximum 3 credit hours per semester. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 1120 - Introduction to Music Theory


    A one-semester introduction to the basic principles of music. Topics include notation, scales, key signatures, note duration, time signatures, intervals, and triads. This course is designed to fulfill the CC 6 requirement for non-music majors. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 1125 - Elementary Music Theory


    A one-semester introduction to the basic principles of music, primarily for students who wish to gain insight into the fundamental structures and workings of the art form. Music majors who have not successfully passed the department placement examination must enroll in MU 125 and MUSC 1126 . Topics include notation, scales, key signatures, time signatures, staff recognition, intervals, triads. Non-music majors are not required to enroll in the laboratory. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 1126 - Elementary Music Theory Laboratory


    Exercises in sight-singing, solfege, melodic and rhythmic dictation, and music notation. Should be taken concurrently with MUSC 1125 . 1 credits.
  
  • MUSC 1198 - Introduction to American Music I


    Music of the North American continent from the Puritans to the present day; both European and non-European musical traditions, with emphasis on twentieth-century developments. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 1199 - Introduction to American Music II


    Music of the North American continent from the Puritans to the present day; both European and non-European musical traditions, with emphasis on twentieth-century developments. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 2210 - American Roots Music: Old Time, Bluegrass and Country


    In this course we will listen to old time music, bluegrass, early country, country music and Appalachian folk music. All of these genres are considered American either because they are native to the United States or because they developed here, from foreign origins. "Roots music" served as the basis for many American music genres. By listening to ballads, lullabies, work songs, battle cries, love songs, topical verse, and children's songs, we will study how these traditions are passed from one generation to another and how songs have reflected and impacted history. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 2211 - History of Rock


    Study of rock music as a musical tradition and social, political, and economic phenomenon. Ethno-musicological and historical examination of rock from its pre-1955 roots to the present. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 2212 - Hip Hop: Culture, Music and History


    This course will chronicle hip-hop music and culture from its antecedents to its current status. A historical examination of hip-hop's sonic and social aspects as a product of 20th century America. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 2221 - Film Music


    Designed for both music and communication majors. Introduction to the art, science and history of musical scores in film. Class work includes viewing and analysis of films with significant cuing and an introduction to the musical repertoire available to the filmmaker. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 2240 - Music Theory I


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MUSC 1125  and MUSC 1126  or placement by the department. Fundamentals of music: Notation, physical and acoustical foundations; harmony and melody; modality, tonality, atonality; consonance and dissonance; tension; introductory composition; and ear training. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 2241 - Music Theory I Laboratory


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MUSC 1125  and MUSC 1126 . A continuation of exercises in sight singing, solfege, melodic and rhythmic dictation, and music notation. The listed aural exercises coincide with the chapters and materials in MUSC 2240 . 1 credits.
  
  • MUSC 2242 - Music Theory II


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MUSC 2240  and MUSC 2241  or placement by the department. Fundamentals of music: notation, physical and acoustical foundations; harmony and melody; modality, tonality, atonality; consonance and dissonance; tension; introductory composition; and ear training. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 2250 - Theory and Composition I


    Investigation of music theory in various parts of the world, including the Western art tradition. Exercises in the composition of music within these theoretical constructs. Ear training and keyboard harmony. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 2251 - Theory and Composition II


    Investigation of music theory in various parts of the world, including the Western art tradition. Exercises in the composition of music within these theoretical constructs. Ear training and keyboard harmony. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 2299 - Problems of Music


    Music as an art form throughout the world. Music aesthetics and its relationship to the performance and composition of music. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 3300 - Studies in Music I


    Area studies in music and its parent culture. Cultural theory as related to the music; instruments of the area and their etymologies; performance practices; the social role of music, both art and folk. Areas offered depend on availability of staff: China, Japan, the Near East, the Indian subcontinent, Africa, American Indian, Afro-American, Latin American, the Anglo-Celtic tradition and others. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 3350 - Studies in Music II


    Area studies in musical forms; their history, evolution, and resultant metamorphoses; performance practices and extant forms. Areas offered depend upon availability of staff. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 3351 - Analysis and History of European Art Music I


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MUSC 2242 . The growth of Western art music from its beginnings to the present day. Analysis of musical masterpieces on a technical and conceptual basis. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 3352 - Analysis and History of European Art Music II


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MUSC 3351 . The growth of Western art music from its beginnings to the present day. Analysis of musical masterpieces on a technical and conceptual basis. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 3375 - Musicianship I


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MUSC 2242 . Development of practical skills essential to performers and ensemble directors: ear training, sight singing, dictation, transcription, arranging, notation, score writing. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 3376 - Musicianship II


    Prerequisite: a grade of C or higher in MUSC 3375 . Development of practical skills essential to performers and ensemble directors: ear training, sight singing, dictation, transcription, arranging, notation, score writing. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 4416 - Advanced Performance


    Prerequisites: consent of the department staff and a faculty adviser. Preparation and presentation of an instrumental or vocal performance indicating sufficient proficiency to warrant the awarding of a degree in music. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 4450 - Special Topics


    Study of selected topics of special or current interest. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 4451 - Special Topics


    Study of selected topics of special or current interest. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 4452 - Special Topics


    Study of selected topics of special or current interest. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 4453 - Special Topics


    Study of selected topics of special or current interest. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 4454 - Special Topics


    Study of selected topics of special or current interest. 3 credits.
  
  • MUSC 4455 - Special Topics


    Study of selected topics of special or current interest. 3 credits.
 

Page: 1 <- Back 10 ... 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22